Notice what arguments aren't made (but don't necessarily go and make them)

By Robert_Wiblin @ 2016-01-24T13:52 (+12)

The most popular posts on this forum make arguments along the lines of:

Two reasons these articles get written and become popular are:
I wrote two highly up-voted pieces along these lines and naturally it feels great to have people piling on in agreement.

Consider alternative arguments that don't get many people writing or voting in support, and indeed are liable to be condemned:
These ideas make the author look like a jerk or radical, and in some cases make readers feel worse about themselves.

This makes them unlikely to attract much support, even if someone volunteers to defend them.

This is a good thing. It's not wise to write things that make you look like a jerk, and make readers feel bad about themselves, unless there are particularly pressing reasons to do so. This isn't a recommendation to write publicly in defence of the above - if you're tempted to do so, meditate on the virtue of silence.

At the same time, privately we should acknowledge that the personal costs involved in publicly supporting unappealing positions means we may not be aware of, or receptive to, the best arguments in their favour. If you can't think of any supporters or considerations in favour of an unappealing position, worry that you aren't sampling fairly from both sides of the argument.

(For what it's worth, because it is sure to come up, I don't think any of the claims above are plausible - two of them I strongly disagree with, three of them seem very unlikely and one of them merely unlikely. Like everyone, I do have beliefs that might offend others and make me look bad, but those are precisely the ones I wouldn't include here.)

undefined @ 2016-01-25T07:27 (+3)

Playing devil's advocate for a moment, it feels like in the limit this sort of none dare urge restraint dynamic may lead to EA getting watered down to the point where it's not as substantially different from mainstream altruism. I'd expect that mainstream altruism is already pretty well optimized to make its practitioners look like good people to the mainstream. If there's an incentive structure within EA to make EAs look like good people to the mainstream (by cutting out weird causes, suppressing critical discussion, etc.), and there aren't countervailing incentives, where exactly do we think this trend is going to stop?

undefined @ 2016-01-25T11:12 (+1)

it feels like in the limit this sort of none dare urge restraint dynamic may lead to EA getting watered down to the point where it's not as substantially different from mainstream altruism.

I hear this argument a lot, but it seems to me to be extremely unlikely. Effective Altruism is currently very different from "mainstream" altruism. It has a very special mindset. This goes not the least for leading members. I don't see any tendencies towards EA getting watered down where it's not substantially different from mainstream altruism.

At the very least, I'd like to see more detailed arguments showing that such a scenario is likely.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T14:30 (+2)

The post arguing that EA should be "elitist" got lots of upvotes, even though it presumably belongs in the latter category.

undefined @ 2016-01-25T18:46 (+1)

I'd say it belongs in the former because it strongly "flatters a large share of readers." Namely, by saying they are better than most other people =P Of course, that's a controversial form of flattering, which is why the 79% upvote makes sense.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T14:41 (+1)

This does somewhat conflict with my theory, though 12 points and 83% positive is small relative to the most popular posts I'm referring to.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T20:37 (+1)

Another datapoint going against the theory is this post encouraging running fundraisers for weird charities.

Your own post about CS majors goes in the "weird" category for me and got plenty of upvotes.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T20:56 (+2)

I wouldn't expect my "running fundraisers for weird charities" post to be seen as weird by the standards of most EAs that I know, make me look like a jerk, or make any readers feel bad about themselves.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T21:15 (+1)

I think your post fits the point of "We should be fine with being weird because that's the only way to find the most unreasonably neglected projects."

undefined @ 2016-01-24T20:29 (+1)

I may be influenced by the Less Wrong side of things, but in my experience “They make the reader feel awful cognitive dissonance and make them question their views” is a factor that leads to a lot of upvotes. But maybe there are different types of updating, one that make the person feel virtuous about updating and one that make them feel bad about having been wrong. If there is, then I haven’t found any pattern behind them.

Btw., jerk opinions 1–3 seem defensible to me, 4 with more modest phrasing, but I’d be really curious about any arguments someone could come up with in defense of 5 and 6. But: Rob and other people who, I suspect, know a bunch of things I don’t seem to be interestingly careful about what gets published in this forum, so this is probably something we should rather chitchat about at our local meetup. I just read about how newspaper reports on suicides seem to actually cause suicides, so this virtue of silence thing is not to be taken lightly.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T15:20 (+1)

This is, I take it, an ad hominem-argument:

Two reasons these articles get written and become popular are:

They make the author look virtuous (e.g. modest, kind, reliable).
The arguments flatter a large share of readers.

It says that there are non-rational reasons why these articles gets written, and implies that is a reason to adjust the probability that the content of those articles are true downwards.

Now ad hominem-arguments do have a place in debating, although they should be used cautiously. I want to emphasize, though, that similar ad hominem-arguments can also be made against those that write the latter sort of posts. E.g., one might argue that they want to be contrarian, or that they want to be part of an exclusive club, that they want to feel better than everyone else, etc.

Now given the demographic set-up of the EA movement, it isn't obvious to me that the latter kind of ad hominem-argument is less plausible than the former. The situation seems to me to be quite symmetric.

But I also want to caution against over-use of ad hominem-arguments, and not only in public, but also when you're thinking about this yourself. It is very easy to invent a straw man caricature of your opponent - "they only have that view because (insert self-interested motivation)". This is a good example of that, from the "elitist" post:

This all said, the accusation of elitism, even if it's accurate, can feel hurtful. Nevertheless there is an important thought experiment to run: In the hypothetical world where elitism is in fact the best strategy for saving and improving the most lives (even after accounting for reputational risk), how many happy lives am I willing to sacrifice in order to not be accused of elitism?

This implies that those who oppose elitism do so because of their self-interest in not being hurt by accusations of elitism. I defintely don't believe that is universally true. Neither do I believe that all of those who advocate that EA should try to focus on recruiting elite members do so because they want to feel like they're part of an elite group. Instead, I believe that both groups have good reasons for their views, and that we should try to engage with them. (This is not to say that we don't fall prey to biases; we all do.) This debate needs more steel-manning.

undefined @ 2016-01-24T15:30 (+2)

People's stated views are often socially strategic. Nothing wrong with noticing such biases as long as you apply the same lens to yourself as others, which I do.

I think these are exactly the incentives that drive people to say things they would otherwise regard as harmful or wrong:

"One might argue that they want to be contrarian, or that they want to be part of an exclusive club, that they want to feel better than everyone else."